并列木材情报
比较木种
从身份、分布、外观、物理和机械性能、加工性、耐久性、用途及来源深度等方面比较两种或三种木材。
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比较字段
Honduras mahogany
Swietenia macrophylla 打开物种记录 →| 常用名 | Common European silver fir | Honduras mahogany |
| 学名 | Abies alba | Swietenia macrophylla |
| 植物科 | Pinaceae | Meliaceae |
| 区域 | 尚未录入 | Central America; Latin America; Oceania; South-East Asia |
| 同义名 | Abies pectinata 历史来源数据 | • Swietenia krukovii; Swietenia tessmannii; Swietenia candollei • Swietenia krukovii, Swietenia tessmannii, Swietenia candollei 历史来源数据 |
| 常用名 | Common European silver fir, Common fir, Common silver fir, European silver fir, European silver pine, Silver fir, Silvergrain, Swiss pine, White deal, Whitewood, Whitewood fir 历史来源数据 | Acajou; Acajou Amerique; Acajou d’Amerique; Acajou du Honduras; Aguano; American mahogany; Brazilian mahogany; Big-leafed mahogany; Broad-leaved mahogany; Caoba; Caoba Americana; Caoba de Honduras; Central American mahogany; Costa Rica mahogany; Cuban mahogany; Honduras mahogany; Mexican mahogany; Peruvian mahogany; Red cedar; Tabasco mahogany; Venezuela mahogany; Zopilote 历史来源数据 |
| 贸易名 | 尚未录入 | Honduras mahogany 历史来源数据 |
| 人工林树种 | 尚未录入 | 是 历史来源数据 |
| Environmental Profile | 尚未录入 | Widespread Some long-term concern for the species Secure within many parts of its natural range, but not completely assessed Rare in parts of its natural range Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare within parts of its range Endangered within parts of its natural boundaries Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Data source is Nature Conservancy Considered vulnerable in its natural habitat because its numbers are threatened by serious adverse factors throughout its range. However, the species likely exists today in relatively large numbers. There is some long-term concern about its continued abundance in these areas and the threat to its population in other areas While it is relatively secure in El Salvador and Honduras, the status of Honduras mahogany in Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, and Bolivia is known to be either Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare. The species is Vulnerable in Nicaragua, Rare in Colombia and Endangered within its natural boundaries in Guatemala and the following regions in Brazil: Acre, Amazonas, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Para, and Rondonia |
| 分布区域 | 尚未录入 | Central America; Latin America; Oceania; South-East Asia 历史来源数据 |
| 分布国家 | 尚未录入 | Bahamas; Belize; Bolivia; Brazil; Colombia; Costa Rica; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; El Salvador; Fiji; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Indonesia; Jamaica; Mexico; Nicaragua; Panama; Peru; Philippines; Puerto Rico; Solomon Islands; Venezuela 历史来源数据 |
| 分布概述 | 尚未录入 | • Perhaps the most valuable timber tree in tropical Latin America. Native distribution extends from Veracruz to Yucatan in Mexico, along the north Atlantic slope of Central America to Venezuela and Brazil, and also includes Colombia, Peru and Bolivia. It occurs at elevations up to about 1,500 m, in dry, moist and gallery forests. It is now widely planted throughout the tropics as a forest crop and supplies much of the commercial mahogany market. • Perhaps the most valuable timber tree in the whole of tropical Latin America, Honduras mahogany has an extensive tropical distribution, from the north of the State of Veracruz to Yucatan in Mexico, and along the north Atlantic slope of Central America to Venezuela and Brazil. It also occurs in Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of up to 4900 feet (1500 m), and on Cape Verde Islands. It is usually found in dry forests but it also occurs in moist and gallery forests. S. macrophylla is now widely planted throughout the whole of the tropics as a forest crop and currently provides almost all mahogany on the commercial market. 历史来源数据 |
| 心材颜色 | White Yellow Red Orange Pink Green/grey Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange White to cream Pale red to pink Pale brown Greenish to greyish 历史来源数据 | • Reddish brown; yellow to golden-yellow or orange; pale brown; pale red to pink; brown; dark brown; red; yellow; white to cream; salmon pink to light pinkish brown; color darkens and may fade with sunlight; considerable variability • Red Brown Purple Reddish brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Pale red to pink Brown Dark brown Red Dark brown Yellow White to cream Salmon pink to light pinkish brown, or reddish brown Pink Matures into deep reddish brown Exposure to sunlight may fade color Color varies considerably The wide variability in color has enabled many look-alike species to be marketed as mahogany. 历史来源数据 |
| 边材颜色 | White Yellow Red White to yellow Color not distinct from heartwood 历史来源数据 | • White to yellow; well defined; pinkish; whitish; paler than heartwood; different from heartwood • Brown Red Pink White to yellow Well defined Pinkish Whitish Paler than heartwood Different than heartwood 历史来源数据 |
| Grain & texture | Straight Figure Growth rings (figure) Even Straight Clear growth rings (figure) 历史来源数据 | 尚未录入 |
| 质地 | Fine Medium Fine Fine to medium 历史来源数据 | Fine to medium, often medium; sometimes medium to coarse; generally uniform 历史来源数据 |
| 光泽 | Low Slightly lustrous 历史来源数据 | • Medium to pronounced; may be lustrous, slightly lustrous, high or golden • Medium High Pronounced Lustrous Slightly lustrous High Golden luster 历史来源数据 |
| 纹理 | 尚未录入 | Usually straight to interlocked; may be wavy, striped, irregular, mottled, rippled or figured. Grain irregularities can produce fiddleback, blister, stripe, roe and mottle figure. 历史来源数据 |
| 弦向收缩 | 6 历史来源数据 | 4 % 历史来源数据 |
| 径向收缩 | 2 历史来源数据 | 2 % 历史来源数据 |
| 重量 | • 32 • 26 • 512 • 416 历史来源数据 | 33 lb/ft³ green; 32 lb/ft³ dry; metric table reports 528 and 512 kg/m³ 历史来源数据 |
| Density | 尚未录入 | • 35 • 560 |
| Odor | 尚未录入 | No specific smell or taste |
| Toxicity | 尚未录入 | Some toxic effects Unspecified toxicity Dermatitic effects |
| 体积收缩 | 尚未录入 | 8 % 历史来源数据 |
| Strength Properties | Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Radial = very small Work to Maximum Load = very low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Toughness (total work) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. 历史来源数据 | Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Max. crushing strength = low Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Toughness (total work) = very low Work to Maximum Load = very low Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. Strength properties vary because of wide differences in density Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
| 密度 — 干材 | • 33 • 528 历史来源数据 | 35 lb/ft³ 历史来源数据 |
| 抗弯强度 | • 6111 • 9589 • 429 • 674 历史来源数据 | • 7,885 psi green; 11,575 psi dry • 7885 • 11575 • 554 • 813 历史来源数据 |
| 硬度 | • 319 • 144 历史来源数据 | 1,006 lb 历史来源数据 |
| 冲击强度 | • 22 • 55 历史来源数据 | • 29 in green; 21 in dry • 29 • 21 • 73 • 53 历史来源数据 |
| 最大抗压强度 | • 3916 • 6397 • 275 • 449 历史来源数据 | 3,979 psi green; 6,284 psi dry 历史来源数据 |
| 抗剪强度 | • 1221 • 85 历史来源数据 | 1,532 psi dry 历史来源数据 |
| 刚度 | • 1017 • 1199 • 71 • 84 历史来源数据 | 1,185,000 psi green; 1,353,100 psi dry 历史来源数据 |
| 韧性 | • 167 • 192 历史来源数据 | • 103 inch-lb • 103 • 118 历史来源数据 |
| 最大载荷功 | • 5 • 7 • 0.35 • 0.49 历史来源数据 | • 6 green; 7 inch-lb/in³ dry • 6 • 7 • 0.42 • 0.49 历史来源数据 |
| 比重 | 尚未录入 | 0.53 green; 0.57 dry 历史来源数据 |
| 抗压强度 | 尚未录入 | • 905 psi green; 1,548 psi dry • 905 • 1548 • 63 • 108 历史来源数据 |
| 静态弯曲 | 尚未录入 | • 4,901 psi green; 6,788 psi dry • 4901 • 6788 • 344 • 477 历史来源数据 |
| Workability | Easy to Work Easy to machine 历史来源数据 | 尚未录入 |
| 胶合 | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue 历史来源数据 | • Easy to glue; good gluing qualities reported • Easy to glue 历史来源数据 |
| 使用中变形 | Excellent Stability - Small Movement Small 历史来源数据 | • Small movement; very stable. Holds its place well in use. • Small Stable Mahogany is considered to be one of the most stable commercially important timbers, and holds its place very well in use. 历史来源数据 |
| 钉钉 | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Pre-Boring Recommended Very Good to Excellent Results Holds nails well Easy to nail Possible if prebored 历史来源数据 | • Holds nails well; pre-boring may be recommended; generally good nailing properties • Pre-Boring Recommended Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Holds nails well Possible if prebored Good nailing properties Easy to nail 历史来源数据 |
| 刨削 | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to plane 历史来源数据 | • Usually easy to plane and gives a good to satisfactory finish; figured material may tear or chip • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to plane Planes well, to a good finish Planes to a satisfactory finish Figured material may cause grain to chip and tear 历史来源数据 |
| 浸渍阻力 | Permeable sapwood Resistant heartwood Permeable heartwood Resistant sapwood Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is permeable 历史来源数据 | • Heartwood generally resistant to highly resistant; sapwood ranges from resistant to permeable • Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Heartwood is highly resistant Heartwood is resistant Sapwood is resistant Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is permeable 历史来源数据 |
| 螺钉固定 | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to screw 历史来源数据 | • Generally satisfactory to excellent; easy to screw with good holding properties • Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Easy to screw Screwing yields good results Good screwing properties 历史来源数据 |
| 钝化作用 | 尚未录入 | • Usually slight to moderate; some reports describe moderate to high or severe blunting. • Moderate High to severe Blunting effect on machining is slight Slight Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is mild Blunting effect on machining is moderate 历史来源数据 |
| 钻孔 | 尚未录入 | • Ranges from easy with good results to fairly difficult or very difficult • Fairly difficult to very difficult Easy Good results 历史来源数据 |
| 雕刻 | 尚未录入 | • Generally good results, though some reports rate it fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Generally good results 历史来源数据 |
| 切削阻力 | 尚未录入 | • Green and dry wood are often easy to saw, but some reports rate sawing fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Easy to saw 历史来源数据 |
| 开榫眼 | 尚未录入 | • Often easy, but some sources rate it fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to mortise Material tends to chip and tear Finishes poorly 历史来源数据 |
| 成型 | 尚未录入 | • Generally easy to mould with good finishing results; some sources report difficulty • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to mould Good finishing results 历史来源数据 |
| 铣削和开槽 | 尚未录入 | • Routing is generally easy and gives good results, though some reports indicate difficulty • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Routing is easy Routing yields good results 历史来源数据 |
| 砂磨 | 尚未录入 | • Easy to sand; satisfactory to good sanding finish • Easy to sand Satisfactory sanding results Good sanding finish 历史来源数据 |
| 车削 | 尚未录入 | • Fairly easy to very easy with fair to excellent results; generally satisfactory finish • Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to turn Good results Finish is generally satisfactory 历史来源数据 |
| 单板性能 | 尚未录入 | • Easy to cut; suitable for slicing and peeling; slight to moderate drying degrade and possible buckles or splits; no steaming generally needed; good gluing qualities • Easy to cut There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Suitable for slicing Suitable for peeling No steaming needed during bolt preparation. Good gluing qualities 历史来源数据 |
| 蒸汽弯曲 | 尚未录入 | • Fair to good results; moderate response to preservative treatment • Fair to Good Results Moderate Fairly good response to preservative treatment 历史来源数据 |
| Kiln Schedules | UK=K US=T13C4S/T11D3S - UK=H US=T10D4S/T8D3S Fr=7 Drying (speed) is fast 历史来源数据 | Drying (speed) is fast UK=F US=T6D4/T3D3 Fr=6 UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is fairly rapid Dry at a moderate speed T6 - D4 (4/4) US T3 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule F (4/4) United Kingdom Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid |
| 干燥难易度 | Fairly Easy Rapidly Easy 历史来源数据 | • Usually easy to fairly easy, though some sources rate it moderately difficult. Generally dries with little degrade. • Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Slowly Easy Dries easily with very little degrade 历史来源数据 |
| 窑干速度 | Naturally dries quickly 历史来源数据 | • Naturally dries slowly. Some schedules are fairly rapid: approximately 11–17 days for boards under 32 mm and 31–51 days for boards over 63 mm; rapid schedules may be under 10 days for thin boards. • Naturally dries slowly Fairly rapid (11-17 days for boards under 32 mm, to 31-51 days for boards greater than 63 mm) Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm) 历史来源数据 |
| 干燥缺陷 | Distortion Loose Knots Splitting Checking Slight twist/warp Slight surface checking Slight end splitting No twisting or warping No surface checking Moderate twist/warp Expect slight degrade due to knots, splits, and loosening Expect moderate degrade due to knots, splits, and loosening 历史来源数据 | • Moderate end splitting may occur. Generally free from spring and bow. Distortion, twist or warp may occur. • Collapse Internal Honeycombing Possible Distortion Checking Splitting Slight surface checking Slight twist/warp Moderate twist/warp No surface checking No end splitting Moderate surface checking Slight spring/bow Slight end splitting Slight cupping No twisting or warping No resin/gum exudation No cupping, generally No collapse/honeycomb Moderate end spitting Generally free from spring and bow Distortion (twist/warp) is likely 历史来源数据 |
| 天然耐久性 | Non-durable Perishable Non durable Resistant to attack from pinworms (ambrosia beetles) 历史来源数据 | • Generally durable to very durable, but source reports vary. Heartwood may resist marine borers, termites and powder-post beetles, while other sources report susceptibility to marine borers, termites, pinworms or pinhole borers. Conflicting evidence must remain visible. • Resistant to marine borers Very durable Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to termites Durable Resistant to powder post beetles Perishable Non-resistant to marine borers Non-resistant to termites Non-durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Durable Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) often present in the standing tree Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present Very durable Moderately durable Susceptible to pinhole borers Suitable for marine applications Non durable Heartwood susceptible to marine borer attack Heartwood resistant to attack by white rot and brown rot fungi Heartwood moderately resistant to dry-wood termites Heartwood has high resistance to decay Good weathering properties Mahogany has very good weathering qualities which makes a very good choice for boat building. 历史来源数据 |
| 天然生长缺陷 | 尚未录入 | • Yellowish or whitish deposits may occur in vessels. Brittleheart is rare or absent; when present, it is sparse. • Yellowish deposits in vessels Whitish deposits in vessels Whitish deposits in vessels Brittleheart is rare or absent. When present, it is sparse in amount 历史来源数据 |
| Painting | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Good results 历史来源数据 | 尚未录入 |
| 染色 | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Finish is generally good 历史来源数据 | • Generally satisfactory to good; stains well • Finish is generally satisfactory Finish is generally good Stains well 历史来源数据 |
| 上清漆 | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results 历史来源数据 | • Satisfactory to good results • Satisfactory Good results 历史来源数据 |
| 抛光 | 尚未录入 | • Fair to excellent results; generally good • Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Good results 历史来源数据 |
| 常见用途 | Boat building: masts, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Food containers, Fuelwood, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products 历史来源数据 | • Bedroom suites; boat building; decking; planking; boxes and crates; building materials; cabinetmaking; canoes; carvings; chairs; chests; coffins; cooperage; decorative veneer; desks; dining-room furniture; doors; dowels; drawer sides; drum sticks; figured veneer; fine furniture; flooring; furniture components; handles; hatracks; heavy construction; interior construction; interior trim; joinery; kitchen cabinets; lifeboats; light construction; living-room suites; mathematical instruments; millwork; model airplanes; moldings; musical instruments; office furniture; organ pipes; paneling; particleboard; piano keys; plywood; radio and television cabinets; scientific instruments; sculpture; shipbuilding; tables; turnery; veneer • Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boat building: planking, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Coffins, Concealed parts (Furniture), Cooperages, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Drawing boards, Drum sticks, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles: general, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mathematical instruments, Millwork, Model airplanes, Moldings, Musical instruments , Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling , Paneling, Particleboard, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood corestock, Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Scientific instruments, Sculpture, Shipbuilding, Tables, Turnery, Veneer, Veneer: decorative 历史来源数据 |
| Product Sources | 尚未录入 | The ITTO reports that the species is an important source of timber for export. It is exported in the form of square-edged timber, veneers, and plywood. Honduras mahogany is readily available at moderate prices at present, but its continued availability is of some concern because of high demand. Current supplies of the standing trees are also becoming more inaccessible and scarce due to exploitation. |
| 已连接属性字段 | 39 | 69 |
| 物种级参考资料 | 0 | 36 |
比较方法： 本页比较当前已连接记录，而不是标准化的单一数字摘要。同一字段可能显示多个有出处的历史观察，因为木材属性会因来源、地理、含水率、样本和测试方法而变化。已知存在混合或冲突的记录，在作为确定性指导前应进行审查。