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Champ de comparaison
Honduras mahogany
Swietenia macrophylla Ouvrir la fiche de l’espèce →| Nom commun | Common European silver fir | Honduras mahogany |
| Nom scientifique | Abies alba | Swietenia macrophylla |
| Famille botanique | Pinaceae | Meliaceae |
| Région | Non encore renseigné | Amérique centrale; Amérique latine; Océanie; Asie du Sud-Est |
| Synonymes | Abies pectinata Données de source historiques | • Swietenia krukovii; Swietenia tessmannii; Swietenia candollei • Swietenia krukovii, Swietenia tessmannii, Swietenia candollei Données de source historiques |
| Noms communs | Common European silver fir, Common fir, Common silver fir, European silver fir, European silver pine, Silver fir, Silvergrain, Swiss pine, White deal, Whitewood, Whitewood fir Données de source historiques | Acajou; Acajou Amerique; Acajou d’Amerique; Acajou du Honduras; Aguano; American mahogany; Brazilian mahogany; Big-leafed mahogany; Broad-leaved mahogany; Caoba; Caoba Americana; Caoba de Honduras; Central American mahogany; Costa Rica mahogany; Cuban mahogany; Honduras mahogany; Mexican mahogany; Peruvian mahogany; Red cedar; Tabasco mahogany; Venezuela mahogany; Zopilote Données de source historiques |
| Nom commercial | Non encore renseigné | Honduras mahogany Données de source historiques |
| Espèce de plantation | Non encore renseigné | Oui Données de source historiques |
| Environmental Profile | Non encore renseigné | Widespread Some long-term concern for the species Secure within many parts of its natural range, but not completely assessed Rare in parts of its natural range Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare within parts of its range Endangered within parts of its natural boundaries Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Data source is Nature Conservancy Considered vulnerable in its natural habitat because its numbers are threatened by serious adverse factors throughout its range. However, the species likely exists today in relatively large numbers. There is some long-term concern about its continued abundance in these areas and the threat to its population in other areas While it is relatively secure in El Salvador and Honduras, the status of Honduras mahogany in Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, and Bolivia is known to be either Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare. The species is Vulnerable in Nicaragua, Rare in Colombia and Endangered within its natural boundaries in Guatemala and the following regions in Brazil: Acre, Amazonas, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Para, and Rondonia |
| Régions de répartition | Non encore renseigné | Amérique centrale; Amérique latine; Océanie; Asie du Sud-Est Données de source historiques |
| Pays de répartition | Non encore renseigné | Bahamas; Belize; Bolivie; Brésil; Colombie; Costa Rica; Cuba; République dominicaine; Équateur; Salvador; Fidji; Guyana; Haïti; Honduras; Indonésie; Jamaica; Mexique; Nicaragua; Panama; Pérou; Philippines; Porto Rico; Îles Salomon; Venezuela Données de source historiques |
| Aperçu de la répartition | Non encore renseigné | • Peut-être l’un des arbres à bois les plus précieux d’Amérique latine tropicale. Son aire naturelle s’étend de Veracruz au Yucatán au Mexique, le long du versant nord-atlantique de l’Amérique centrale jusqu’au Venezuela et au Brésil, et comprend également la Colombie, le Pérou et la Bolivie. Il se rencontre jusqu’à environ 1 500 m d’altitude, dans des forêts sèches, humides et des forêts-galeries. Il est aujourd’hui largement planté dans les régions tropicales comme essence forestière et fournit une part importante du marché commercial de l’acajou. • Perhaps the most valuable timber tree in the whole of tropical Latin America, Honduras mahogany has an extensive tropical distribution, from the north of the State of Veracruz to Yucatan in Mexico, and along the north Atlantic slope of Central America to Venezuela and Brazil. It also occurs in Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of up to 4900 feet (1500 m), and on Cape Verde Islands. It is usually found in dry forests but it also occurs in moist and gallery forests. S. macrophylla is now widely planted throughout the whole of the tropics as a forest crop and currently provides almost all mahogany on the commercial market. Données de source historiques |
| Couleur du duramen | White Yellow Red Orange Pink Green/grey Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange White to cream Pale red to pink Pale brown Greenish to greyish Données de source historiques | • Brun rougeâtre ; jaune à jaune doré ou orange ; brun pâle ; rouge pâle à rose ; brun ; brun foncé ; rouge ; jaune ; blanc à crème ; rose saumon à brun rosé clair ; la couleur fonce et peut pâlir au soleil ; variabilité importante • Red Brown Purple Reddish brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Pale red to pink Brown Dark brown Red Dark brown Yellow White to cream Salmon pink to light pinkish brown, or reddish brown Pink Matures into deep reddish brown Exposure to sunlight may fade color Color varies considerably The wide variability in color has enabled many look-alike species to be marketed as mahogany. Données de source historiques |
| Couleur de l’aubier | White Yellow Red White to yellow Color not distinct from heartwood Données de source historiques | • Blanc à jaune ; bien défini ; rosâtre ; blanchâtre ; plus pâle que le duramen ; distinct du duramen • Brown Red Pink White to yellow Well defined Pinkish Whitish Paler than heartwood Different than heartwood Données de source historiques |
| Grain & texture | Straight Figure Growth rings (figure) Even Straight Clear growth rings (figure) Données de source historiques | Non encore renseigné |
| Texture | Fine Medium Fine Fine to medium Données de source historiques | Fine à moyenne, souvent moyenne ; parfois moyenne à grossière ; généralement uniforme Données de source historiques |
| Lustre | Low Slightly lustrous Données de source historiques | • Moyen à prononcé ; peut être lustré, légèrement lustré, très brillant ou doré • Medium High Pronounced Lustrous Slightly lustrous High Golden luster Données de source historiques |
| Fil | Non encore renseigné | Généralement droit à contrefil ; peut être ondulé, rayé, irrégulier, moucheté, ondé ou figuré. Les irrégularités du fil peuvent produire des figures flammées, cloquées, rayées, œillées et mouchetées. Données de source historiques |
| Retrait tangentiel | 6 Données de source historiques | 4 % Données de source historiques |
| Retrait radial | 2 Données de source historiques | 2 % Données de source historiques |
| Poids | • 32 • 26 • 512 • 416 Données de source historiques | 33 lb/ft³ green; 32 lb/ft³ dry; metric table reports 528 and 512 kg/m³ Données de source historiques |
| Density | Non encore renseigné | • 35 • 560 |
| Odor | Non encore renseigné | No specific smell or taste |
| Toxicity | Non encore renseigné | Some toxic effects Unspecified toxicity Dermatitic effects |
| Retrait volumique | Non encore renseigné | 8 % Données de source historiques |
| Strength Properties | Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Radial = very small Work to Maximum Load = very low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Toughness (total work) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. Données de source historiques | Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Max. crushing strength = low Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Toughness (total work) = very low Work to Maximum Load = very low Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. Strength properties vary because of wide differences in density Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
| Densité — sec | • 33 • 528 Données de source historiques | 35 lb/ft³ Données de source historiques |
| Résistance à la flexion | • 6111 • 9589 • 429 • 674 Données de source historiques | • 7,885 psi green; 11,575 psi dry • 7885 • 11575 • 554 • 813 Données de source historiques |
| Dureté | • 319 • 144 Données de source historiques | 1,006 lb Données de source historiques |
| Résistance aux chocs | • 22 • 55 Données de source historiques | • 29 in green; 21 in dry • 29 • 21 • 73 • 53 Données de source historiques |
| Résistance maximale à l’écrasement | • 3916 • 6397 • 275 • 449 Données de source historiques | 3,979 psi green; 6,284 psi dry Données de source historiques |
| Résistance au cisaillement | • 1221 • 85 Données de source historiques | 1,532 psi dry Données de source historiques |
| Rigidité | • 1017 • 1199 • 71 • 84 Données de source historiques | 1,185,000 psi green; 1,353,100 psi dry Données de source historiques |
| Ténacité | • 167 • 192 Données de source historiques | • 103 inch-lb • 103 • 118 Données de source historiques |
| Travail jusqu’à la charge maximale | • 5 • 7 • 0.35 • 0.49 Données de source historiques | • 6 green; 7 inch-lb/in³ dry • 6 • 7 • 0.42 • 0.49 Données de source historiques |
| Densité relative | Non encore renseigné | 0.53 green; 0.57 dry Données de source historiques |
| Résistance à l’écrasement | Non encore renseigné | • 905 psi green; 1,548 psi dry • 905 • 1548 • 63 • 108 Données de source historiques |
| Flexion statique | Non encore renseigné | • 4,901 psi green; 6,788 psi dry • 4901 • 6788 • 344 • 477 Données de source historiques |
| Workability | Easy to Work Easy to machine Données de source historiques | Non encore renseigné |
| Collage | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue Données de source historiques | • Easy to glue; good gluing qualities reported • Easy to glue Données de source historiques |
| Mouvement en service | Excellent Stability - Small Movement Small Données de source historiques | • Small movement; very stable. Holds its place well in use. • Small Stable Mahogany is considered to be one of the most stable commercially important timbers, and holds its place very well in use. Données de source historiques |
| Clouage | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Pre-Boring Recommended Very Good to Excellent Results Holds nails well Easy to nail Possible if prebored Données de source historiques | • Holds nails well; pre-boring may be recommended; generally good nailing properties • Pre-Boring Recommended Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Holds nails well Possible if prebored Good nailing properties Easy to nail Données de source historiques |
| Rabotage | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to plane Données de source historiques | • Usually easy to plane and gives a good to satisfactory finish; figured material may tear or chip • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to plane Planes well, to a good finish Planes to a satisfactory finish Figured material may cause grain to chip and tear Données de source historiques |
| Résistance à l’imprégnation | Permeable sapwood Resistant heartwood Permeable heartwood Resistant sapwood Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is permeable Données de source historiques | • Heartwood generally resistant to highly resistant; sapwood ranges from resistant to permeable • Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Heartwood is highly resistant Heartwood is resistant Sapwood is resistant Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is permeable Données de source historiques |
| Vissage | Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to screw Données de source historiques | • Generally satisfactory to excellent; easy to screw with good holding properties • Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Easy to screw Screwing yields good results Good screwing properties Données de source historiques |
| Effet désaffûtant | Non encore renseigné | • Usually slight to moderate; some reports describe moderate to high or severe blunting. • Moderate High to severe Blunting effect on machining is slight Slight Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is mild Blunting effect on machining is moderate Données de source historiques |
| Perçage | Non encore renseigné | • Ranges from easy with good results to fairly difficult or very difficult • Fairly difficult to very difficult Easy Good results Données de source historiques |
| Sculpture | Non encore renseigné | • Generally good results, though some reports rate it fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Generally good results Données de source historiques |
| Résistance à la coupe | Non encore renseigné | • Green and dry wood are often easy to saw, but some reports rate sawing fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Easy to saw Données de source historiques |
| Mortaisage | Non encore renseigné | • Often easy, but some sources rate it fairly difficult to very difficult • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to mortise Material tends to chip and tear Finishes poorly Données de source historiques |
| Moulurage | Non encore renseigné | • Generally easy to mould with good finishing results; some sources report difficulty • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to mould Good finishing results Données de source historiques |
| Défonçage et rainurage | Non encore renseigné | • Routing is generally easy and gives good results, though some reports indicate difficulty • Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Routing is easy Routing yields good results Données de source historiques |
| Ponçage | Non encore renseigné | • Easy to sand; satisfactory to good sanding finish • Easy to sand Satisfactory sanding results Good sanding finish Données de source historiques |
| Tournage | Non encore renseigné | • Fairly easy to very easy with fair to excellent results; generally satisfactory finish • Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to turn Good results Finish is generally satisfactory Données de source historiques |
| Qualités de placage | Non encore renseigné | • Easy to cut; suitable for slicing and peeling; slight to moderate drying degrade and possible buckles or splits; no steaming generally needed; good gluing qualities • Easy to cut There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Suitable for slicing Suitable for peeling No steaming needed during bolt preparation. Good gluing qualities Données de source historiques |
| Cintrage à la vapeur | Non encore renseigné | • Fair to good results; moderate response to preservative treatment • Fair to Good Results Moderate Fairly good response to preservative treatment Données de source historiques |
| Kiln Schedules | UK=K US=T13C4S/T11D3S - UK=H US=T10D4S/T8D3S Fr=7 Drying (speed) is fast Données de source historiques | Drying (speed) is fast UK=F US=T6D4/T3D3 Fr=6 UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is fairly rapid Dry at a moderate speed T6 - D4 (4/4) US T3 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule F (4/4) United Kingdom Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid |
| Facilité de séchage | Fairly Easy Rapidly Easy Données de source historiques | • Usually easy to fairly easy, though some sources rate it moderately difficult. Generally dries with little degrade. • Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Slowly Easy Dries easily with very little degrade Données de source historiques |
| Vitesse de séchage au four | Naturally dries quickly Données de source historiques | • Naturally dries slowly. Some schedules are fairly rapid: approximately 11–17 days for boards under 32 mm and 31–51 days for boards over 63 mm; rapid schedules may be under 10 days for thin boards. • Naturally dries slowly Fairly rapid (11-17 days for boards under 32 mm, to 31-51 days for boards greater than 63 mm) Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm) Données de source historiques |
| Défauts de séchage | Distortion Loose Knots Splitting Checking Slight twist/warp Slight surface checking Slight end splitting No twisting or warping No surface checking Moderate twist/warp Expect slight degrade due to knots, splits, and loosening Expect moderate degrade due to knots, splits, and loosening Données de source historiques | • Moderate end splitting may occur. Generally free from spring and bow. Distortion, twist or warp may occur. • Collapse Internal Honeycombing Possible Distortion Checking Splitting Slight surface checking Slight twist/warp Moderate twist/warp No surface checking No end splitting Moderate surface checking Slight spring/bow Slight end splitting Slight cupping No twisting or warping No resin/gum exudation No cupping, generally No collapse/honeycomb Moderate end spitting Generally free from spring and bow Distortion (twist/warp) is likely Données de source historiques |
| Durabilité naturelle | Non-durable Perishable Non durable Resistant to attack from pinworms (ambrosia beetles) Données de source historiques | • Generally durable to very durable, but source reports vary. Heartwood may resist marine borers, termites and powder-post beetles, while other sources report susceptibility to marine borers, termites, pinworms or pinhole borers. Conflicting evidence must remain visible. • Resistant to marine borers Very durable Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to termites Durable Resistant to powder post beetles Perishable Non-resistant to marine borers Non-resistant to termites Non-durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Durable Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) often present in the standing tree Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present Very durable Moderately durable Susceptible to pinhole borers Suitable for marine applications Non durable Heartwood susceptible to marine borer attack Heartwood resistant to attack by white rot and brown rot fungi Heartwood moderately resistant to dry-wood termites Heartwood has high resistance to decay Good weathering properties Mahogany has very good weathering qualities which makes a very good choice for boat building. Données de source historiques |
| Défauts naturels de croissance | Non encore renseigné | • Yellowish or whitish deposits may occur in vessels. Brittleheart is rare or absent; when present, it is sparse. • Yellowish deposits in vessels Whitish deposits in vessels Whitish deposits in vessels Brittleheart is rare or absent. When present, it is sparse in amount Données de source historiques |
| Painting | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Good results Données de source historiques | Non encore renseigné |
| Teinture | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Finish is generally good Données de source historiques | • Generally satisfactory to good; stains well • Finish is generally satisfactory Finish is generally good Stains well Données de source historiques |
| Vernissage | Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Données de source historiques | • Satisfactory to good results • Satisfactory Good results Données de source historiques |
| Polissage | Non encore renseigné | • Fair to excellent results; generally good • Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Good results Données de source historiques |
| Usages courants | Boat building: masts, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Food containers, Fuelwood, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products Données de source historiques | • Bedroom suites; boat building; decking; planking; boxes and crates; building materials; cabinetmaking; canoes; carvings; chairs; chests; coffins; cooperage; decorative veneer; desks; dining-room furniture; doors; dowels; drawer sides; drum sticks; figured veneer; fine furniture; flooring; furniture components; handles; hatracks; heavy construction; interior construction; interior trim; joinery; kitchen cabinets; lifeboats; light construction; living-room suites; mathematical instruments; millwork; model airplanes; moldings; musical instruments; office furniture; organ pipes; paneling; particleboard; piano keys; plywood; radio and television cabinets; scientific instruments; sculpture; shipbuilding; tables; turnery; veneer • Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boat building: planking, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Coffins, Concealed parts (Furniture), Cooperages, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Drawing boards, Drum sticks, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles: general, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mathematical instruments, Millwork, Model airplanes, Moldings, Musical instruments , Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling , Paneling, Particleboard, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood corestock, Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Scientific instruments, Sculpture, Shipbuilding, Tables, Turnery, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Données de source historiques |
| Product Sources | Non encore renseigné | The ITTO reports that the species is an important source of timber for export. It is exported in the form of square-edged timber, veneers, and plywood. Honduras mahogany is readily available at moderate prices at present, but its continued availability is of some concern because of high demand. Current supplies of the standing trees are also becoming more inaccessible and scarce due to exploitation. |
| Champs de propriétés connectés | 39 | 69 |
| Références au niveau de l’espèce | 0 | 36 |
Méthodologie de comparaison : cette page compare les fiches connectées actuelles, et non un résumé normalisé en un seul chiffre. Plusieurs observations historiques citées peuvent apparaître dans un même champ, car les propriétés du bois varient selon la source, la géographie, l’humidité, l’échantillon et la méthode d’essai. Les fiches connues comme mixtes ou contradictoires doivent être examinées avant d’être utilisées comme indication définitive.